Doctor Fish ~ Garra rufa

The Garra Rufa, commonly known as the "Doctor Fish," is a freshwater species renowned for its unique behavior of nibbling dead skin off human feet in spa settings. Native to the river basins of the Middle East, this hardy fish has adapted to thrive in warm, fast-flowing waters and is increasingly popular in home aquariums.

- Size: 4-6 inches  
- Lifespan: 5-7 years  
- Temperament: Peaceful, social  
- Group/Solitary: Best kept in groups of 5+  
- Food: Omnivorous, algae, sinking pellets, vegetable matter  
- Water Requirements: 72-86°F, pH 6.0-7.5, moderate to high flow

Garra Rufa are adaptable and peaceful fish that do best in groups of five or more. In the wild, they are found in fast-flowing streams and rivers, meaning they prefer an aquarium setup with moderate to strong water flow and plenty of oxygenation. They thrive in warm water, typically between 72-86°F, making them suitable for heated aquariums. While they are often seen grazing on algae, it's essential to supplement their diet with high-quality sinking pellets and fresh vegetables like zucchini and cucumber. Providing hiding places with rocks, driftwood, and dense plant cover helps them feel secure.

Native to Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Iraq, Garra Rufa have been used in spa treatments for many years, where they help exfoliate dead skin. In the aquarium, they are active grazers, but unlike their reputation, they are not primarily scavengers. These fish play a helpful role in cleaning algae but require a balanced diet beyond their nibbling behavior. They prefer neutral to slightly acidic water and benefit from regular water changes to maintain high water quality.

Fun Fact: Garra Rufa have been used in spa treatments for centuries, but they gained widespread popularity in the early 2000s when "fish pedicures" became a global trend.