Pearlscale Goldfish ~ Carassius auratus

The Pearlscale Goldfish is a distinctive fancy variety known for its round, golf-ball-shaped body and unique, raised nacreous scales that give it a beaded, pearlescent appearance. Originating from selective breeding in Asia, this goldfish is cherished for its charming, waddling swimming style and ornate, three-dimensional scales that shimmer under aquarium lighting. Its gentle disposition and striking appearance make it a popular choice for enthusiasts who appreciate slow-moving, decorative fancy goldfish varieties.

• Size: 4-6 inches

• Lifespan: 8-10 years

• Temperament: Peaceful

• Group/Solitary: Social; best kept with other slow, fancy goldfish

• Food: Omnivorous, sinking pellets, gel foods, blanched vegetables, live/frozen foods such as brine shrimp

• Water Requirements: 65-75°F, pH 7.0-8.0, moderate hardness

Pearlscale Goldfish thrive in aquariums designed for fancy goldfish, with smooth décor, open swimming areas, and minimal strong currents. Their round bodies make them slower swimmers and more prone to buoyancy issues, so they do best with sinking foods and diets rich in fiber. Housing them with other fast or aggressive species should be avoided, as they cannot compete for food and may become stressed. Regular gravel vacuuming and large, routine water changes are essential due to the species’ heavy bioload. A tank of at least 20 gallons per goldfish is recommended, with quality filtration and stable water parameters to keep their scales and fins in excellent condition.

In the wild, goldfish originated from carp in East Asia, but the Pearlscale variety itself is entirely a product of long-term selective breeding. Its characteristic domed body and raised, pearly scales reflect a lineage developed by hobbyists dedicated to perfecting ornamental traits. These fish have adapted well to captive environments, provided the tank is kept clean and the flow remains gentle.

Fun Fact: The raised, bead-like scales of the Pearlscale Goldfish are actually thickened, domed nacre layers, a trait unique among goldfish varieties and one that requires carefully maintained water quality to preserve their distinctive luster.